1. How QTP scripts are advantageous when need to re-work the same business scenarios?
A. To record the Quick Test Professional Script on one instance and be able to execute it on any other instance. The assumption is there are no major GUI changes between the recorded and the execution instances.

2. How can you make the scripts generic and what architecture needs to be followed?
A. In order to achieve the above objective, we need to plan the Quick Test Professional script. It should have two parts:
1. Script – that is generic Quick test script.
2. Data – from the parameter file that is customer instance specific.
Eg. Imagine a business flow has a scenario
- Login to the web page
- Check mail
- Logout
1. Create data/parameter file (can be flat file [.txt] or an excel file) is instance specific.
2. Create (record/program) the QTP initialization
3. The initialization script which calls the Object repository, common function library and all QTP actions/scripts

3. How to create an individual script?
A. Record the Quick Test Professional script and modify it to make it a generic script using the following steps:
a. Set the testing options in the Test Settings Dialog box.
b. Record the script
c. Modify the script to make it generic:
i. Parameterize the hard coded values.
ii. Modify the Object Repository file with regular expressions.
iii. Add unique properties to items in the Object Repository to make recognition simpler.
iv. Insert synchronization points as required.
v. Insert checkpoints for pass/fail validation.
vi. Insert additional programming logic.
vii. Use the Common Functions.

4. What is the testing process in QTP?
A. The testing process consists of 3 main phases:
1. Gather relevant test information – Input data should be gathered.
2. Create the basic test – Record/Program the scripts in actions
3. Enhance the basic test
Use Data Driven scripts to use the script to test with different sets of data
Reusable Actions- Identify the common scenarios and make the scripts generic and reuse the scripts across different business scenarios.

5. What are different types of recording modes in QTP?
A. There are two recording modes
1. Low-level
2. Analog
Low – Level Recording:
Use Low-Level Recording when you need to record the exact location of the object on your application screen.
To record in Low-Level Recording, select “Low-Level Recording” from the “Test” menu while recording
Analog:
Use Analog Recording for applications in which the actual movement of the mouse is what you want to record.
To record in Analog mode, select “Analog Recording” from the “Test” menu while recording.

6. What is Object repository?
A. The Object Repository dialog box displays a test tree of all objects in the current action or the entire test (depending on the object repository mode you choose when you create your test). You can use the Object Repository dialog box to view or modify the properties of any test object in the repository or to add new objects to your repository.
Object Repository Modes
Per – Action Object Repository:
This is the default setting, and all tests created in QuickTest 5.6 or earlier use this mode. In this mode, QuickTest automatically creates an object repository file for each action in your test so that you can record and run tests without creating, choosing, or modifying object repository files.
Shared Object Repository:
In this mode, you can use one object repository file for multiple tests if the tests include the same objects. Object information that applies to many tests is kept in one central location. When the objects in your application change, you can update them in one location for multiple tests

7. How to select the Object repository mode?
A. To select the object repository mode
Goto Test Settings > Resource Tab to change the Object Repository Mode
The default object repository file name is default.tsr
You can change object repository mode when the Test contain no actions.

8. What is Active screen? What are the advantages of Active screen?
A. Active screen captures all the properties of the application and makes available even when offline/ when you are not connected to the application.
The main advantage is checkpoints can be added without connecting to the application

9. What are different Screen capture options available for Active screen?
A. Complete—Captures all properties of all objects in the application’s active window/dialog box/Web page in the Active Screen of each step. This level saves Web pages after any dynamic changes and saves Active Screen files in a compressed format.
Partial—(Default). Captures all properties of all objects in the application’s active window/dialog box/Web page in the Active Screen of the first step performed in an application’s window, plus all properties of the recorded object in subsequent steps in the same window. This level saves Web pages after any dynamic changes and saves Active Screen files in a compressed format.
Minimum—Captures properties only for the recorded object and its parent in the Active Screen of each step. This level saves the original source HTML of all Web pages (prior to dynamic changes) and saves Active Screen files in a compressed format.
None—Disables capturing of Active Screen files for all applications and Web pages.

10. How QTP identifies the objects in the application during runtime?
A. QTP uses different properties to identify the objects in the applications. They are:
a. Mandatory Properties
b. Assistive Properties
c. Object Identifies
d. Smart Identification

11. Explain all Object identification properties.
A. Mandatory and Assistive Properties:
During the test run, QuickTest looks for objects that match all properties in the test object description – it does not distinguish between properties that were learned as mandatory properties and those that were learned as assistive properties
Smart Identification: QuickTest uses a very similar process of elimination with its Smart Identification mechanism to identify an object, even when the recorded description is no longer accurate. Even if the values of your test object properties change, QuickTest’s TestGuard technology maintains your test’s reusability by identifying the object using Smart Identification.

12. What are Ordinal identifies. Explain in detail.
A. Ordinal Identifiers are
Index:
Indicates the order in which the object appears in the application code relative to other objects with an otherwise identical description.
Location:
Indicates the order in which the object appears within the parent window, frame, or dialog box relative to other objects with an otherwise identical description. Values are assigned from top to bottom, and then left to right.
The Web Browser object has a third ordinal identifier type:
Creation Time:
Indicates the order in which the browser was opened relative to other open browsers with an otherwise identical description.

13. What is Smart Identification?

A. Smart Identification:
If QuickTest is unable to find any object that matches the recorded object description, or if it finds more than one object that fits the description, then QuickTest ignores the recorded description, and uses the Smart Identification mechanism to try to identify the object.
While the Smart Identification mechanism is more complex, it is more flexible, and thus, if configured logically, a Smart Identification definition can probably help QuickTest identify an object, if it is present, even when the recorded description fails.

14. What are the properties available in Smart identification?
A. Base filter properties:
The most fundamental properties of a particular test object class; those whose values cannot be changed without changing the essence of the original object. For example, if a Web link’s tag was changed from
Optional filter properties:
Other properties that can help identify objects of a particular class as they are unlikely to change on a regular basis, but which can be ignored if they are no longer applicable.

15. What is Object Spy? How is it used in QTP?
A. Using the Object Spy, you can view the run-time or test object properties and methods of any object in an open application. You use the Object Spy pointer to point to an object. The Object Spy displays the selected object’s hierarchy tree. It displays the run-time or test object properties and values of the selected object in the Properties tab. It displays the run-time or test object methods associated with the selected object in the Methods tab

16. What are Run-Time Object Properties / Run-Time Object Methods?
A. Run-Time Object Properties / Run-Time Object Methods:
You can use the Object property to access the native properties of any run-time object. For example, you can retrieve the current value of the ActiveX calendar’s internal Day property as follows:
Eg. Sample code
Dim MyDay
Set MyDay = Browser(‘index’).Page(‘Untitled’).ActiveX(‘MSCAL.Calendar.7′).Object.Day

17. What are Test Object Properties / Test Object Methods?
A. Test Object Properties / Test Object Methods:
You can use the GetTOProperty and SetTOProperty methods to retrieve and set the value of test object properties for test objects in your test.
You can use the GetROProperty to retrieve the current property value of objects in your application during the test run.

18.What are User-Defined Test Object Classes. How are they mapped?
A User-Defined Test Object Classes:
The Object Mapping dialog box enables you to map an object of an unidentified or custom class to a Standard Windows class. For example, if your application has a button that cannot be identified, this button is recorded as a generic WinObject. You can teach QuickTest to identify your object as if it belonged to a standard Windows button class. Then, when you click the button while recording a test, QuickTest records the operation in the same way as a click on a standard Windows button. When you map an unidentified or custom object to a standard object, your object is added to the list of Standard Windows test object classes as a user-defined test object. You can configure the object identification settings for a user defined object class just as you would any other object class

19. What are checkpoints?
A. A checkpoint is a verification point that compares a current value for a specified property with the expected value for that property. This enables you to identify whether your Web site or application is functioning correctly.
When you add a checkpoint, Quick Test adds a checkpoint with an icon in the test tree and adds a Check Point statement in the Expert View. When you run the test, Quick Test compares the expected results of the checkpoint to the current results. If the results do not match, the checkpoint fails. You can view the results of the checkpoint in the Test Results window.

20. What is a standard checkpoint?
A. You can check that a specified object in your application or on your Web page has the property values you expect, by adding a standard checkpoint to your test. To set the options for a standard checkpoint, you use the Checkpoint Properties dialog box.

21. What is Text or Text Area Checkpoint?

A. Text or Text Area Checkpoint Results

By adding text or text area checkpoints to your tests, you can check that a text string is displayed in the appropriate place in your application or on your Web page. When you run your test, Quick Test compares the expected results of the checkpoint to the actual results of the test run. If the results do not match, the checkpoint fails.

23. What is Bitmap Checkpoint?
A. Bitmap Checkpoints:
You can check an area of a Web page or application as a bitmap. While creating a test, you specify the area you want to check by selecting an object. You can check an entire object or any area within an object. Quick Test captures the specified object as a bitmap, and inserts a checkpoint in the test. You can also choose to save only the selected area of the object with your test in order to save disk space.

24. What is Table and Database Checkpoint?

A. Table and Database Checkpoints:
By adding table checkpoints to your tests, you can check that a specified value is displayed in a cell in a table on your Web page or in your application. By adding database checkpoints to your tests, you can check the contents of databases accessed by your Web page or application. The results displayed for table and database checkpoints are similar. When you run your test, Quick Test compares the expected results of the checkpoint to the actual results of the test run. If the results do not match, the checkpoint fails.

25. What is Accessibility Checkpoint?
A. Accessibility Checkpoints:
You can add accessibility checkpoints to help you quickly identify areas of your Web site that may not conform to the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) Web Content Accessibility Guidelines. You can add automatic accessibility checkpoints to each page in your test, or you can add individual accessibility checkpoints to individual pages or frames.

26. What is XML Checkpoint?
A. XML Checkpoint:
The XML Checkpoint Properties dialog box displays the element hierarchy and values (character data) of the selected XML file.
Select the element(s), attribute(s), and/or value(s) that you want to check. For each element you want to check, select the checks you want to perform. For each attribute or value you want to check, select the checks you want to perform, or the parameterization options you want to set.

27. What is Synchronization?
A. When you run tests, your application may not always respond with the same speed. — For example, it might take a few seconds:
- For a progress bar to reach 100%
- For a status message to appear
- For a button to become enabled
- For a window or pop-up message to open
You can handle these anticipated timing problems by synchronizing your test to ensure that Quick Test waits until your application is ready before performing a certain step.

28. What are different functions available for Synchronization?
A. There are several options that you can use to synchronize your test:
You can insert a synchronization point, which instructs Quick Test to pause the test until an object property achieves the value you specify. When you insert a synchronization point into your test, Quick Test generates a WaitProperty statement in the Expert View.

29. What is the difference in Exists/wait statements?
A. Exist ()/ Wait()
You can insert Exist or Wait statements that instruct QuickTest to wait until an object exists or to wait a specified amount of time before continuing the test.
Eg. Browser(‘Yahoo”).Page(‘CheckMail”).Button(“CheckMail”).Exists(10)
QTP waits for 10 seconds till the button exists in the page. The script proceeds if the button even exits before 10 seconds unlike wait() statement – it waits for 10 seconds no matter the button exits before 10 seconds.

30. What is Default Time Out?
A. Default Time Out:
You can also increase the default timeout settings in the Test Settings and Options dialog boxes in order to instruct Quick Test to allow more time for certain events to occur

31. What is Parameterization (Data Table Wizard)?
A. You can supply the list of possible values for a parameter by creating a Data Table parameter. Data Table parameters enable you to create a data-driven test (or action) that runs several times using the data you supply. In each repetition, or iteration, Quick Test substitutes the constant value with a different value from the Data Table.

32. What are Method Arguments?
A. Using Method arguments you parameterize method arguments in the Method Arguments dialog box. to open the Method Arguments dialog box, right-click a step containing a method in the test tree and choose Method Arguments. The Method Arguments dialog box opens and displays the method arguments in the step.

33. Well, I would like to run my test with different sets of data, How can I make it with the options available in QTP?
A. Listed are the different Data Table Iterations
Run one iteration only:
Runs the test only once, using only the first row in the global Data Table.
Run on all rows:
Runs the test with iterations using all rows in the global Data Table.
Run from row __ to row __ :
Runs the test with iterations using the values in the global Data Table for the specified row range.

34. What are different data tables available?
A. 1. Global Sheet
The Global sheet contains the data that replaces parameters in each iteration of the test.
2. Action Sheets
Each time you add a new action to the test, a new action sheet is added to the Data Table. Action sheets are automatically labeled with the exact name of the corresponding action. The data contained in an action sheet is relevant for the corresponding action only.

35. What is an Action?
A. An Quick test script contains different actions. An action contains the script ie. A piece of business scenario like, login to application, logout etc.
Well again It depends on how you create your framework ( If you would like to know more about frame work check out this link. Good one. http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/library/591.html) for testing the applications.
I would suggest every action has a piece of business scenario which would help to re-use the script in a better way. Before deciding what are re-usable scripts. Firstly, identify all the common scenarios that occur in different business flows across different modules.
Then prepare the scripts and make generic. You can call all these functions by making this common function library available at Test options > Resourses.

36. What is Copy of action?
A. Copy of Action:
When you insert a copy of an action into a test, the action is copied in its entirety, including checkpoints, parameterization, and the corresponding action tab in the Data Table. If the test you are copying into uses per-action repository mode, the copied action’s action object repository will also be copied along with the action.

37. What are re-usable actions?
A. Reusable Actions:
Determines whether the action is a reusable action. A reusable action can be called multiple times within a test and can be called from other tests. Non-reusable actions can be copied and inserted as independent actions, but cannot be inserted as calls to the original action.

38. what about Call of Action?
A. You can insert a call (link) to a reusable action that resides in your current test (local action), or in any other test (external action).

39. When to Insert transactions?
A. Inserting Transactions:
During the test run, the Start Transaction signals the beginning of§ the time measurement. You define the beginning of a transaction in the Start Transaction dialog box
- The End Transaction signals the end of the time measurement

40. What are reular expressions?
A. Regular Expressions:
Regular expressions enable QuickTest to identify objects and text strings with varying values. You can use regular expressions when:
• Defining the property values of an object
• Parameterizing a step
• Creating checkpoints with varying values
A regular expression is a string that specifies a complex search phrase. By using special characters such as a period (.), asterisk (*), caret (^), and brackets ([ ]), you can define the conditions of a search. When one of these special characters is preceded by a backslash (\), QuickTest searches for the literal character.

Here is an example:
The actual pattern for the regular expression search is set using the Pattern property of the RegExp object. The RegExp.Global property has no effect on the Test method.
The Test method returns True if a pattern match is found; False if no match is found.
The following code illustrates the use of the Test method.
Function RegExpTest(patrn, strng)
Dim regEx, retVal ‘ Create variable.
Set regEx = New RegExp ‘ Create regular expression.
regEx.Pattern = patrn ‘ Set pattern.
regEx.IgnoreCase = False ‘ Set case sensitivity.
retVal = regEx.Test(strng) ‘ Execute the search test.
If retVal Then
RegExpTest = ‘One or more matches were found.’
Else
RegExpTest = ‘No match was found.’
End If
End Function
MsgBox(RegExpTest(‘is.’, ‘IS1 is2 IS3 is4′))

41. Create a script to print the message
Dim MyVar
MyVar = MsgBox (‘Hello World!’, 65, ‘MsgBox Example’)
‘ MyVar contains either 1 or 2, depending on which button is clicked.

42. List all the run time errors in VB script.
A. VBScript run-time errors are errors that result when your VBScript script attempts to perform an action that the system cannot execute. VBScript run-time errors occur while your script is being executed; when variable expressions are being evaluated, and memory is being dynamic allocated.
Error Number Description
429 ActiveX component can’t create object
507 An exception occurred
449 Argument not optional
17 Can’t perform requested operation
430 Class doesn’t support Automation
506 Class not defined
11 Division by zero
48 Error in loading DLL
5020 Expected ‘)’ in regular expression
5019 Expected ‘]’ in regular expression
432 File name or class name not found during Automation operation
92 For loop not initialized
5008 Illegal assignment
51 Internal error
505 Invalid or unqualified reference
481 Invalid picture
5 Invalid procedure call or argument
5021 Invalid range in character set
94 Invalid use of Null
448 Named argument not found
447 Object doesn’t support current locale setting
445 Object doesn’t support this action
438 Object doesn’t support this property or method
451 Object not a collection
504 Object not safe for creating
503 Object not safe for initializing
502 Object not safe for scripting
424 Object required
91 Object variable not set
7 Out of Memory
28 Out of stack space
14 Out of string space
6 Overflow
35 Sub or function not defined
9 Subscript out of range
5017 Syntax error in regular expression
462 The remote server machine does not exist or is unavailable
10 This array is fixed or temporarily locked
13 Type mismatch
5018 Unexpected quantifier
500 Variable is undefined
458 Variable uses an Automation type not supported in VBScript
450 Wrong number of arguments or invalid property assignment

Read More

1. COTS is known as (1M)

A. Commercial off the shelf software

B. Compliance of the software

C. Change control of the software

D. Capable off the shelf software

2. From the below given choices, which one is the ‘Confidence testing’ (1M)

A. Sanity testing B. System testing

C. Smoke testing D. Regression testing

3. ‘Defect Density’ calculated in terms of (3M)

A. The number of defects identified in a component or system divided by the size of the component or the system

B. The number of defects found by a test phase divided by the number found by that test phase and any other means after wards

C. The number of defects identified in the component or system divided by the number of defects found by a test phase

D. The number of defects found by a test phase divided by the number found by the size of the system

4. ‘Be bugging’ is known as (2M)

A. Preventing the defects by inspection

B. Fixing the defects by debugging

C. Adding known defects by seeding

D. A process of fixing the defects by tester

5. An expert based test estimation is also known as (1M)

A. Narrow band Delphi

B. Wide band Delphi

C. Bespoke Delphi

D. Robust Delphi

6. When testing a grade calculation system, a tester determines that all scores from 90 to 100 will yield a grade of A, but scores below 90 will not. This analysis is known as: (1M)
A. Equivalence partitioning

B. Boundary value analysis

C. Decision table

D. Hybrid analysis

7. All of the following might be done during unit testing except (1M)

A. Desk check

B. Manual support testing

C. Walkthrough

D. Compiler based testing

8. Find the Min number of tests to ensure that each statement is executed at least once (2M)

Read More

1. ___________ Testing will be performed by the people at client own locations (1M)

A. Alpha testing B. Field testing C. Performance testing D. System testing

1. System testing should investigate (2M)
   1. Non-functional requirements only not Functional requirements
   2. Functional requirements only not non-functional requirements
   3. Non-functional requirements and Functional requirements
   4. Non-functional requirements or Functional requirements

1. Which is the non-functional testing (1M)

A. Performance testing B. Unit testing

C. Regression testing D. Sanity testing

1. Who is responsible for document all the issues, problems and open point that were identified during the review meeting (2M)

A. Moderator B. Scribe C. Reviewers D. Author

1. What is the main purpose of Informal review (2M)

A. Inexpensive way to get some benefit

B. Find defects

C. Learning, gaining understanding, effect finding

D. Discuss, make decisions, solve technical problems

1. Purpose of test design technique is (1M)

A. Identifying test conditions only, not Identifying test cases

B. Not Identifying test conditions, Identifying test cases only

C. Identifying test conditions and Identifying test cases

D. Identifying test conditions or Identifying test cases

1. ___________ technique can be used to achieve input and output coverage (1M)

A. Boundary value analysis B. Equivalence partitioning

C. Decision table testing D. State transition testing

1. Use cases can be performed to test (2M)

A. Performance testing B. Unit testing

C. Business scenarios D. Static testing

1. ________________ testing is performed at the developing organization’s site (1M)

A. Unit testing B. Regression testing

C. Alpha testing D. Integration testing

1. The purpose of exit criteria is (2M)

1. 1. Define when to stop testing
   2. End of test level
   3. When a set of tests has achieved a specific pre condition
   4. All of the above

1. Which is not the project risks (2M)

A. Supplier issues B. Organization factors

C. Technical issues D. Error-prone software delivered

1. Poor software characteristics are (3M)

1. 1. Only Project risks
   2. Only Product risks
   3. Project risks and Product risks
   4. Project risks or Product risks
2. ________ and ________ are used within individual workbenches to produce the right output products. (2M)

A. Tools and techniques B. Procedures and standards

C. Processes and walkthroughs D. Reviews and update

1. The software engineer’s role in tool selection is (3M)

A. To identify, evaluate, and rank tools, and recommend tools to management

B. To determine what kind of tool is needed, then find it and buy it

C. To initiate the tool search and present a case to management

D. To identify, evaluate and select the tools

1. A _____ is the step-by-step method followed to ensure that standards are met (2M)

A. SDLC B. Project Plan C. Policy D. Procedure

1. Which of the following is the standard for the Software product quality (1M)

A. ISO 1926 B. ISO 829 C. ISO 1012 D. ISO 1028

1. Which is not the testing objectives (1M)

A. Finding defects

B. Gaining confidence about the level of quality and providing information

C. Preventing defects.

D. Debugging defects

1. Bug life cycle (1M)

1. 1. Open, Assigned, Fixed, Closed
   2. Open, Fixed, Assigned, Closed
   3. Assigned, Open, Closed, Fixed
   4. Assigned, Open, Fixed, Closed

1. Which is not the software characteristics (1M)

A. Reliability B. Usability C. Scalability D. Maintainability

1. Which is not a testing principle (2M)

A. Early testing B. Defect clustering

C. Pesticide paradox D. Exhaustive testing

1. ‘X’ has given a data on a person age, which should be between 1 to 99. Using BVA which is the appropriate one (3M)

A. 0,1,2,99 B. 1, 99, 100, 98 C. 0, 1, 99, 100 D. –1, 0, 1, 99

1. Which is not the fundamental test process (1M)

A. Planning and control B. Test closure activities

C. Analysis and design D. None

1. Which is not a Component testing (2M)

A. Check the memory leaks B. Check the robustness

C. Check the branch coverage D. Check the decision tables

1. PDCA is known as (1M)

A. Plan, Do, Check, Act B. Plan, Do, Correct, Act

C. Plan, Debug, Check, Act D. Plan, Do, Check, Accept

1. Contract and regulation testing is a part of (2M)

A. System testing B. Acceptance testing

C. Integration testing D. Smoke testing

1. Which is not a black box testing technique (1M)

A. Equivalence partition B. Decision tables

C. Transaction diagrams D. Decision testing

1. Arc testing is known as (2M)

A. Branch testing B. Agile testing

C. Beta testing D. Ad-hoc testing

1. A software model that can’t be used in functional testing (2M)

A. Process flow model B. State transaction model

C. Menu structure model D. Plain language specification model

1. Find the mismatch (2M)

1. 1. Test data preparation tools – Manipulate Data bases
   2. Test design tools – Generate test inputs
   3. Requirement management tools – Enables individual tests to be traceable
   4. Configuration management tools – Check for consistence

1. The principle of Cyclomatic complexity, considering L as edges or links, N as nodes, P as independent paths (2M)

A. L-N +2P

B. N-L +2P

C. N-L +P

D. N-L +P

1. FPA is used to (2M)

1. 1. To measure the functional requirements of the project
   2. To measure the size of the functionality of an Information system
   3. To measure the functional testing effort
   4. To measure the functional flow

1. Which is not a test Oracle (2M)

1. 1. The existing system (For a bench mark)
   2. The code
   3. Individual’s knowledge
   4. User manual

1. Find the correct flow of the phases of a formal review (3M)

1. 1. Planning, Review meeting, Rework, Kick off
   2. Planning, Individual preparation, Kick off, Rework
   3. Planning, Review meeting, Rework, Follow up
   4. Planning, Individual preparation, Follow up, Kick off

1. Stochastic testing using statistical information or operational profiles uses the following method (3M)

1. 1. Heuristic testing approach
   2. Methodical testing approach
   3. Model based testing approach
   4. Process or standard compliant testing approach

1. A project that is in the implementation phase is six weeks behind schedule. The delivery date for the product is four months away. The project is not allowed to slip the delivery date or compromise on the quality standards established for this product. Which of the following actions would bring this project back on schedule? (3M)

1. 1. Eliminate some of the requirements that have not yet been implemented.
   2. Add more engineers to the project to make up for lost work.
   3. Ask the current developers to work overtime until the lost work is recovered.
   4. Hire more software quality assurance personnel.

36. One person has been dominating the current software process improvement meeting. Which of the following techniques should the facilitator use to bring other team members into the discussion? (3M)

A. Confront the person and ask that other team members be allowed to express their opinions.

B. Wait for the person to pause, acknowledge the person’ s opinion, and ask for someone else’ s opinion.

C. Switch the topic to an issue about which the person does not have a strong opinion.

D. Express an opinion that differs from the person’ s opinion in order to encourage others to express their ideas.

1. Maintenance releases and technical assistance centers are examples of which of the following costs of quality? (3M)

A. External failure

B. Internal failure

C. Appraisal

D. Prevention

Read More

1.differentiate between QA and QC?

QA:It is process oriented

it envolve in entire process of software developement.

Preventin oriented.

QC:

It is product oriented.

work to examin the quality of product.

Dedection orientd.

2.what is a bug?

A computer bug is an error, flaw, mistake, failure, or fault in a computer program that prevents it from working correctly or produces an incorrect result.

3.what is a test case?

Testcase is set of input values, execution preconditions,expected results and execution

postconditions, developed for a particular objective or test conditons, such as to exercise a paticular program path or to verify compliance with a specific requiremnt.

4.What is the purpose of test plan in your project?

test plan document is prepared by the test lead,it contains the contents like introduction,objectives,test stratergy,scope,test items,program modules user

procedures,features to be tested features not to tested approach,pass or fail criteria,testing process,test deliverables,testing,tasks,responsibilities,resources,schedu

le,environmental requirements,risks & contingencies,change management procedures,plan approvals,etc all these things help a test manager undersatnd the testing he should do &

what he should follow for testing that particular project.

5.When the relationship occur between tester and developer?

developer is the one who sends the application to the tester by doing all the necessary code in the application and sends the marshal id to the tester.The tester is the one who gives all the input/output and checks whether he is getting reqd output or not.A developer is the one who works on inside interfacing where as the tester is the one who works on outside interfacing

6.when testing will starts in a project?

the testing is not getting started after the coding.after release the build the testers perform the smoke test.smoke test is the first test which is done by the testing team.this is according to the testing team.but, before the releasing of a build the developers will perform the unit testing.

7.If a bug has high severity then usually that is treated as high priority,then why do priority given by testengineers/project managers and severity given by testers?

High severity bugs affects the end users ….testers tests an application with the users point of view, hence it is given as high severity.High priority is given to the bugs which affects the production.Project managers assign a high priority based on production point of view.

8.what is the difference between functional testing and regresion testing

functional testing is a testing process where we test the functionality/behaviour of each functional component of the application…i.e.minimize button,transfer button,links etc.i.e we check what is each component doing in that application…

regression testing is the testing the behaviour of the application of the unchanged areas when there is a change in the build.i.e we chk whether the changed requirement has altered the behaviour of the unchanged areas.the impacted area may be the whole of the application or

some part of the application…

10.do u know abt integration testing,how do u intregate diff modules?

integration testing means testing an application to verify the data flows between the module.for example, when you are testing a bank application ,in account balence it shows the

100$as the available balence.but in database it shows the 120$. main thing is “integration done by the developers and integration testing done by the testers”

11.do u know abt configuration management tool,what is the purpose of maintaining all the documents in configuration manage ment tool?

It is focused primarily on maintaining the file changes in the history.

Documents are subjected to change For ex: consider the Test case document .

Initially you draft the Test cases document and place it in Version control tool(Visual Source Safe for ex).Then you send it for Peer Review .They will provide some comments and that document will be saved in VSS again.Similary the document undergoes changes and all the changes history will be maintained in Version control.

It helps in referring to the previous version of a document.

Also one person can work on a document (by checking out) at a time.

Also it keeps track who has done the changes ,time and date.

Generally all the Test Plan, Test cases,Automation desgin docs are placed in VSS.

Proper access rights needs to be given so that the documents dont get deleted or modified.

12.How you test database and explain the procedure?

Database Testing is purely done based on the requirements. You may generalize a few features but they won’t be complete. In general we look at

1. Data Correctness (Defaults)

2. Data Storage/Retreival

3. Database Connectivity (across multiple platforms)

4. Database Indexing

5. Data Integrity

6. Data Security

13.suppose if you press a link in yahooshopping site in leads to some other company website?how to test if any problem in linking from one site to another site?

1)first i will check whether the mouse cusor is turning into hand icon or not?

2)i will check the link is highlingting when i place the curosr on the link or not?

3)the site is opening or not?

4)if the site is opening then i will check is it opening in another window or the same window that the link itself exitst(to check userfriendly ness of the link)

5)how fast that website is opening?

6)is the correct site is opening according to the link?

7)all the items in the site are opeing or not?

8)all other sublinks are opening or not?

14.what are the contents of FRS?

F ? Function Behaviours

R ? Requirements (Outputs) of the System that is defined.

S ? Specification ( How, What, When, Where, and Way it behavior’s.

FRS ? Function Requirement Specification.

This is a Document which contains the Functional behavior

of the system or a feature. This document is also know as EBS External Behaviour Specification – Document. Or EFS External Function Specification.

15.what is meant by Priority nad severity?

Priority means “Importance of the defect w.r.t cutomer requirement”

Severity means “Seriousness of the defect w.r.t functionality”

16.what is meant by Priority nad severity?

Severity:

1. This is assigned by the Test Engineer

2. This is to say how badly the devation that is occuring is affecting the other modules of the build or release.

Priority:

1. This is assigned by the Developer.

2. This is to say how soon the bug as to be fixed in the main code, so that it pass the basic requirement.

Eg., The code is to generate some values with some vaild input conditions. The priority will be assigned so based on the following conditions:

a> It is not accepting any value

b> It is accepting value but output is in non-defined format (say Unicode Characters).

A good example i used some unicode characters to generate a left defined arrow, it displayed correctly but after saving changes it gave some address value from the

stack of this server. For more information mail me i will let you know.

17.give me some example for high severity and low priority defect?

if suppose the title of the particular concern is not spelled corectly,it would give a negative impact.eg ICICC is spelled as a tittle for the project of the concern ICICI.then it is a high severity,low priority defect.

18.what is basis for testcase review?

the main basis for the test case review is

1.testing techniques oriented review

2.requirements oriented review

3.defects oriented review.

19.what are the contents of SRS documents?

Software requirements specifications and Functional requirements specifications.

20.What is difference between the Web application testing and Client Server testing?

Testing the application in intranet(withoutbrowser) is an example for client -server.(The company firewalls for the server are not open to outside world. Outside people cannot access the application.)So there will be limited number of people using that application.

Testing an application in internet(using browser) is called webtesting. The application which is accessable by numerous numbers around the world(World wide web.)

So testing web application, apart from the above said two testings there are many other testings to be done depending on the type of web application we are testing.

If it is a secured application (like banking site- we go for security testing etc.)

If it is a ecommerce testing application we go for Usability etc.. testings.

21.Explain your web application archtechture?

web application is tested in 3 phases

1. web tier testing –> browser compatibility

2. middle tier testing –> functionality, security

3. data base tier testing –> database integrity, contents

22.suppose the product/appication has to deliver to client at 5.00PM,At that time you or your team member caught a high severity defect at 3PM.(Remember defect is high severity)But the the client is cannot wait for long time.You should deliver the product at 5.00Pm exactly.then what is the procedure you follow?

the bug is high severity only so we send the application to the client and find out the severity is preyority or not. if its preyority then we ask him to wait.

Here we found defects/bugs in the last minute of the deliveryor realese date

Then we have two options

1.explain the situation to client and ask some more time to fix the bug.

2.If the client is not ready to give some some time then analyse the impact of defect/bug and try to find workarounds for the defect and mention these issues in the release notes as known issues or known limitations or known bugs. Here the workaround means remeady process to be followed to overcome the defect effect.

3.Normally this known issues or known limitations(defects) will be fixed in next version or next release of the software

23.Give me examples for high priority and low severity defects?

Suppose in one banking application there is one module ATM Facility. in that ATM facility when ever we are dipositing/withdrawing money it is not showing any conformation message but actually at the back end it is happening properly with out any mistake means only missing

of message . in this case as it is happenig properly so there is nothing wrong with the application but as end user is not getting any conformation message so he/she will be

confuse for this.So we can consider this issue as HIGH Priority but LOW Severity defects..

24.Explain about Bug life cycle?

1)tester->

2) open defect->

3)send to developer

4)->if accepted moves to step5 else sends the bug to tester gain

5)fixed by developer ->

6)regression testing->

7)no problem inbuilt and signoff

8)->if problem in built reopen the issue send to step3

25.How can you report the defect using excel sheet?

To report the defect using excel sheet

Mention : The Feture that been effected.

mention : Test Case ID (Which fail you can even mention any other which are dependency on this bug)

Mention : Actual Behavior

Mention : Expected Behavior as mentioned in Test Case or EFS or EBS or SRS document with section

Mention : Your Test Setup used during Testing

Mention : Steps to Re-Produce the bug

Mention : Additional Info

Mention : Attach a Screen Shot if it is a GUI bug

Mention : Which other features it is blocking because of this bug that you are unable to

execute the test cases.

Mention : How much time you took to execute that test case or follow that specific TC

which leaded to bug

26.If you have executed 100 test cases ,every test case passed but apart from these testcase you found some defect for which testcase is not prepared,thwn how you can report the bug?

While reporting this bug into bugtracking tool you will generate the testcase imean put the steps to reproduce the bug.

27.what is the diffn betn web based application and client server application

The basic difference between web based application & client server application is that the web application are 3 trier & client based are 2 trier.In web based changes are made at one place & it is refelected on other layers also whereas client based separate changes need be installed on client machine also.

28.what is testplan? and can you tell the testplan contents?

Test plan is a high level document which explains the test strategy,time lines and available resources in detail.Typically a test plan contains:

-Objective

-Test strategy

-Resources

-Entry criteria

-Exit criteria

-Use cases/Test cases

-Tasks

-Features to be tested and not tested

-Risks/Assumptions.

29.How many testcases can you write per a day, an average figure?

Complex test cases 4-7 per day

Medium test cases 10-15 per day

Normal test cases 20-30 per day

30.Who will prepare FRS(functional requirement documents)?

What is the importent of FRS?

The Business Analyst will pre pare the FRS.

Based on this we are going to prepare test cases.

It contains

1. Over view of the project

2. Page elements of the Application(Filed Names)

3. Proto type of the of the application

4. Business rules and Error States

5. Data Flow diagrams

6. Use cases contains Actor and Actions and System Responces

31.How you can decide the number of testcases are enough for testing the given module?

The developed test cases are coverd all the functionality of the application we can say testcases are enough.If u know the functionality covered or not u can use RTM.

32.What is the difference between Retesting and Data Driven Testing?

Retesting:it is manual process in which apllication will be tested with entire new set of data.

DataDriven Testing(DDT)-It is a Automated testing process inwhich application is tested with multiple test data.DDT is very easy procedure than retesting because the tester should sit and need to give different new inputsmanually from front end and it is very tedious and boring

prodedure.

33.what is regression testing?

After the Bug fixed ,testing the application whether the fixed bug is affecting remaining functionality of the application or not.Majorly in regression testing Bug fixed module and it’s

connected modules are checked for thier integrity after bug fixation.

34.how do u test web application?

Web applicatio testing

web application shold have the following features like

1.Attractive User Interface(logos,fonts,alignment)

2.High Usability options

3.Securiry features(if it has login feature)

4.Database(back end).

5.Perfromance(appearing speed of the application on client system)

6.Able to work on different Browers(Browser compatibility)

,O.S compatibility(technicalled called as portability)

7.Broken link testing………etc

so we need to follow out the following test strategy.

1.Functionality Testing

2.Performance Testing(Load,volume,Stress,Scalability)

3.Usability Testing

4.User Interface Testing(colors,fonts,alignments…)

5.Security Testing

6.Browser compatibility Testing(differnt versions and different browser)

7.Brokenlink and Navigation Testing

8.Database(backend)Testing(data integrity)

9.Portability testing(Multi O.s Support)….etc

35.how do u perform regression testing,means what test cases u select for regression

Regression testing will be conducted after any bug fixedor any functionality changed.

During defect fixing procedure some part of coding may be changed or functionality may be manipulated.In this case the old testcases will be updated or completely re written

according to new features of the application where bug fixed area.Here possible areas are old test cases will be executed as usual or some new testcases will be added to existing testcases or some testcases may be deleted.

36.what r the client side scripting languages and server side scripting languages

client side scripting langages are

javascript,VbScript,PHP…etc

Server side Scripting languages are

Perl,JSP,ASP,PHP..etc

Clent side scipting languages are useful to validate the inputs or user actions from userside or client side.

Server side Scripting languages are to validate the inputs at server side.

This scripting languages provide security for the application. and also provides dynamic nature to web or client server application

cleint side scripting is good because it won’t send the unwanted input’s to server for validation.from frontend it self it validated the user inputs and restricts the user activities and guides him

37.if a very low defect (user interface )is detected by u and the developer not compramising with that defect what will u do?

user interface defect is a high visibility defect and easy to reproduce.

Follow the below procedure

1.Reproduce the defect

2.Capture the defect screen shots

3.Document the proper inputs that you are used to get the defect in the derfect report

3.send the defect report with screen shots,i/ps and procedure for defect reproduction.

before going to this you must check your computer hard ware configuration that is same as developper system configuration.and anlso check the system graphic drivers are properly

installed or not.if the problem in graphic drivers the User interface error will come.

so first check your side if it is correct from your sidethen report the defect by following the above method.

38.if u r only person in the office and client asked u for some changes and u didn,t get what the client asked for what will u do?

Onething here is very important.Nobody will ask test engineer to change software that is

not your duty,even if it is related to testing and anybody is not there try to listen care fully if you are not understand ask him again and inform to the corresponding people immediately.

Here the cleint need speedy service,we(our company) should not get any blame from customer side.

39.how to get top two salaries from employee tables

Select * from emp e where 2>=(select count(*) from emp e where sal>e.sal) order by desc sal.

40.How many Test-Cases can be written for the calculator having 0-9 buttons, Add,Equalto buttons.The testcases should be focussed only on add-functionality but mot GUI.What are those test-cases?

Test-Cases for the calculator

so here we have 12 buttons totalie 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,ADD,Equalto -12 buttons

here u can press atleat 4 buttons at a time minimum for example 0+1= for zero u should press ‘zero’ labled buttonfor plus u should press ‘+’ labled buttonfor one u should press ‘one’ labled buttonfor equalto u should press ‘equalto’ labled button 0+1=here + and = positions will not varyso first number position can be varied from 0 to 9 i.e from permutation and combinations u can fill that space in 10 waysin the same waysecond number position can be varied from 0 to 9 i.e from permutation and combinations u can fill that space in 10 ways

Total number of possibilities are =10×10=100

This is exhaustive testing methodology and this is not possible in all cases.

In mathematics we have one policy that the the function satisfies the starting and ending values of a range then it can satisfy for entire range of values from starting to ending.

then we check the starting conditions i.e one test case for ’0+0=’ (expected values you know thatis ’0′)then another testcase for ’9+9=’(expected values you know thatis ’18′)only two testcases are enough to test the calculator functionality.

41.what is positive and negative testing explian with example?

Positive Testing – testing the system by giving the valid data.

Negative Testing – testing the system by giving the Invalid data.

For Ex,an application contains a textbox and as per the user’s Requirements the textbox should accept only Strings.By providing only String as input data to the textbox & to check whether its working properly or not means it is Positive Testing.If giving the input other than String means it is negative Testing..

42.How will you prepare Test plan. What are the techniques involved in preparing the Test plan.

Test plan means planning for the release. This includes Project background

Test Objectives: Brief overview and description of the document

Test Scope: setting the boundaries

Features being tested (Functionalities)

Hardware requirements

Software requirements

Entrance Criteria (When to start testing):

Test environment established, Builder received from developer, Test case prepared and reviewed.

Exit criteria (when to stop testing):

All bug status cycle are closed, all functionalities are tested, and all high and medium bugs are resolved.

Project milestones: dead lines

43.What are the Defect Life Cycle?

Defect life cycle is also called as bug life cycle. It has 6stages namely

1.new: found new bug

2.assigned: bud assigned to developer

3.open : developer is fixing the bug

4.fixed : developer has fixed the bug

5.retest: tester retests the application

6.closed/reopened: if it is ok tester gives closed stauselse he reopens and sends back to developer.

44.Expalin about metrics Management?

Metrics: is nothing but a measurement analysis.Measurment analysis and Improvement is one of the process area in CMM I L2.

45.What is performance Testing and Regression Testing?

Performance Testing:-testing the present wroking condition of the product

Regression Testing:-Regression Testing is checking for the newly added functionality causing any erros interms of functionality and the common functionality should be stable

in the latest and the previous versions

46.How do you review testcase?? Type of Review…

types of reviewing testcases depends upon company standards,viz..,

peer review,team lead review,roject manager review.

Some times client may also review the test cases reg what is approach following for project

47.In which way tester get Build A, BUild B, ….Build Z of an application, just explain the process..

After preparation of testcases project manager will release software release note in that Document there will be URL path of the website link from from that we will receive

the build In case of web server projects, you will be provided with an URL or a 92.168.***.*** (Web address) which will help you access the project using a browser from your system.

In case of Client server, the build is placed in the VSS (Configuration tool) which will help you get the .exe downloaded to your computer.

48.apart from bug reporting wat is ur involvement in projectlife cycle

As a Test engineer We design test cases,prepare testcases Execute Testcases, track the bugs, analyse the results report the bugs. invovled in regression testing, performance of system

testing system intergration testing At last preparation of Test summary Report

49.contents of test report

There are two documents,which should be prepared at particual phase.

1.Test Results document.

2.Test Report document.

Test Results doc will be preapred at the phase of each type of Testing like FULL FUNCTIONAL TEST PASS,REGRESSION TEST PASS,SANITY TEST PASS etc…Test case execution againest

the application.Once you prepared this doc,we will send the doc to our TL and PM.By seeing the Test Results doc ,TL will come to know the coverage part of the testcase.Here I

am giving you the contents used in the Test Results doc.

1.Build No

2.Version Name

3.Client OS

4.Feature set

5.Main Feature

6.Defined Testcases on each feature.

7.QA engineer Name

8.Test ecases executed.(Includes pass and fail)

9.Testcases on HOLD(Includes blocking testcases and deferred Testcases)

10.Covereage Report(Which includes the coverage ratings in % ,like % of testcases covered,% of testcases failed)

Coming to Test report,generally we will prepare Test report ,once we rolled out the product to our client.This document will be prepared by TL and delivered to the client.Mainly,this document describes the what we have done in the project,chievements we have reached,our

learnings in throughout the project etc…The other name for Test report is Project Closure Report and we will summerize the all the activities,which have taken place in through out the project.Here I am giving your the contents covered in the Test Report.

1.Test Environment(Should be covered the OS,Application or webservers,Mahchine names,Database,etc…)

2.Test Methods(Types of Tests,we have done in the project like Functional Testing,Platform Testing,regression Testing,etc..

3.Major areas Covered.

4.Bug Tracking Details.(Includes inflow and outflow of the bus in our delivered project)

5.Work schedule(When we start the testing and we finished)

6.Defect Analasys

6.1 Defects logged in different types of tests like Funcational Test,regressiion Test as per area wised.

6.2 State of the Defects at end of the Test cycle.

6.3 Root cause analysys for the bugs marked as NOT A BUG.

7.QA observations or learnings throught the life cycle.

50.write high level test cases

Write all the testcases under high level TC,which can be covered the main functionalities like

creation,edition,deletion,etc….as per prescribed in the screen.

Wrtie all the testcases under low level TC,which can be covered the screen,like input fields are displayed as per the requirements,buttons are enabled or disabled,and testcase for low priority functionalities.

Example a screen contains two edit boxes login and password and a pust buttons OK and Reset and check box for the label “Remember my password”.Now let us write high level TC

and low level test cases.

HIGH LEVEL TC

1.Verify that User is able to login with valid login and valid password.

2.Verify that User is not able to login with invalid login and valid password.

etc…

..

3.Verify that Reset button clears the filled screen.

4.Verify that a pop up message is displayed for blank login.

etc…

etc..

LOW LEVEL TC

1.Verify that after launching the URL of the application below fields are displayes in the screen.

1.Login Name 2.Password.3.OK BUTTON 4.RESET button etc..

5.check box,provided for the label “remember my pwd” is unchecked.

2.Verify that OK button should be disabled before selecting login and passwrod fields.

3.Verify that OK button should ne enabled after selecting login and password.

4.Verify that User is able to check the check box,providedfor the label “remember my pwd”.

etc..

In this way,we can categorise all the testcases under HIGH LEVEL and LOW LEVEL.

51.wat is test scenario

Test scenario will be framed on basis of the requrement,which need to be checked.For that,we will frame set of testcases,in other terms,we can say all the conditions,which can be determined the testing coverage againest business requirement.

Please see the below example,which is exactly matched to my explanation.

As we know all most all the application are having login screen,which contains login name and password.Here is the test scenario for login screen.

Scenario: USER’S LOGIN

Condtions to be checked to test the above scenario:

—————————————————-

1.Test login field and Password fields indicisually.

2.Try to login with valid login and valid password.

3.Try to login with invaling login and valid pwd. etcc………………………………….

52.wat is build duration

it is a tine gap between old version build and new version build in new version build some new extra features are added

53.wat is test deliverables

Test deliverables are nothing but documents preparing after testing like test plan document testcase template bugreport templateTest deliverables will be delivered to the client not only for the completed activities ,but also for the activites,which we are implementing for the better productivity.(As per the company’s standards).Here I am giving you some of the Test deliverables in my project.

1.QA TestPlan

2.Testcase Docs

3.QA Testplan,if we are using Automation.

4.Automation scripts

5.QA Coverage Matrix and defect matrix.

6.Traceability Matrix

7.Test Results doc

8.QA Schesule doc(describes the deadlines)

9.Test Report or Project Closure Report.(Prepared once we rolled out the project to client)

10.Weekly status report(sent by PM to the client)

11.Release Notes.

54.wat is ur involvement in test plan

Test lead is involved in preparing test plan test entgineers are no way related in preparing test plan role TE is testcase design ,and execution and bugtraking and reporting them Genarally TL is involed in preparation of the TestPlan.But it is not mandatory only TL will take main part in the preparaion of the TP.Test engineer can suggest to TL,if he(or) she has good understanding on project and resources,if he or she has more exp with the project,if TL is wrongly given deadlines.If your suggestions are valid,TL will incorporate all of them to the TestPlan.But in most of the companies Test engineers are just audians.

55.which test cases are not to be automated

All the test cases which are related to a feature of the product, that keeps on changing (there are always some or the other enhancements in it). Frequent enhancements may change the UI, add/remove few controls. Hence such cases, if automated, would involve lot of a intenance

56.if a project is long term project , requirements are also changes then test plan will change or not?why

Yes..definitely. If requirement changes, the design documents, specifications (for that particualr module which implements the requiremnts) will also change. Hence the test plan would also need to be updated. This is because “REsource Allocation” is one section in the test

plan. We would need to write new test cases,review, and execute it. Hence resource allocation would have to be done accordingly. As a result the Test plan would change

57.explain VSS

Virtual Sourse Safe…

After complition of all phages From devolopment side devoloper store the code in devolopment folder of VSS,Testing team copying code from that folder to testing folder, after compliting above phages from testing, testers put the build in base line folder.It is version contrrole Tool

Mainly useful to devoloper, to storing code and maintains version Copying a code from VSS By devoloper is called CHECK-IN Upload the code in to VSS is called CHECK-OUT.

58.who will assign severity & priority

the tester/dev should give the priority based on severity of the bug

Severity means: is the impact of the bug on the app.i.e seriousness of the bug interms of the functionality.

Priority means: is how soon it should get fixed i.e importance of the bug interms of customer

59.What is the Difference between Stub Testing and Driver Testing?

stub testing:

In top down approach,a core module is developed.to test that core module, small dummy modules r used.so stubs r small dummy modules that test the core module.

Driver testing:

in bottom up approach, small modules r developed.to test them a dummy core module called driver is developed.

60.What is a “Good Tester”?

Is one who tries to break the developers software and in a position to venture the bugs. so that atleast 80% bugs free software can deliver.

61.wat is cookie And Session testing ????

A small text file of information that certain Web sites attach to a user’s hard drive while the user is browsing the Web site. A Cookie can contain information such as user ID, user preferences, archive shopping cart information, etc. Cookies can contain Personally Identifiable

Information.Session is a connection between a server and client.

62.how would u do performance Testing manually for web site.

By noting the time to load apge or perform any action with stop watch. I know it sounds funny but this is the way performance is tested manualy.

63.what is usecase? tell me the attribute of usecase?

” Use Case is desription of functionality certain features of an application interms of Actors, actions and responibilities.”

Use Case attributes are:

1. Information of Document, 2. Description, 3. Objective, 4. Actors, 5.Pre-conditions, 6.Data-element desriptions, 7.post conditions, 8.primary flow, 9. Alternative flow and Business rules/interaction implimentations and etc….

64.What is the difference between stress, volume and load testing?

Load Testing:V gradualy increase the load and check the performance of the application .v check at what point or maximum load application can sustain.

stress testing:In this testing v check the performance of application under extrime condion which rarely occurs like

(1)Many concurrent user access the application for short time.

(2)extra ordinary long transction.

(3)very short transaction repeted quckly.

65.when will do the beta test?when will do the alpha test?

Alpha and Beta tests comes under User acceptance test. We will conduct these two system being released.we are giving oppurtunity to customer to check all functiolities covered or not.

Alpha testing conducting for software application by real customer at development site.

Beta testing conducting for software product by model customer at customer site.

66.How do you select test cases for Regression Testing(The point is when there is change code how do you come know which part of code or modules it will affect).

Consider an example of a form which has a username,password and and Login button.

There is a code change and a new button “Reset” is introduced. Regression testing(for that build) will include testing only the “Login” button and not the Reset button (testing Reset button will be a part of cunation testing). Hence the Regression tester need not worry about the change in code,functionality. But he has to make sure that the existing functionality is working as desired.Testing of “Reset” button will be included as a part of Regression, for the next build

67.can any one explain the example of high servity and low priority, low servity and high priority, high servity andhigh priority, low servity and low priority

1.high severity and high priority – Database connectivity cannot be established by multiple users.

2. low severity and low priority – Small issues like, incorrect number of decimal digits in the output.

3. low severity and high priority – Images not updated.

4. high severity and low priority – In a module of say 2 interfaces, the link between them is broken or is not functioning.

(1)High priority & High Severity:If u click on explorer icon or any other icon then system crash.

(2)low prority & low severity:In login window ,spell of ok button is “Ko”.

(3)Low priority & high serverty:In login window ,there is an restruction login name should be 8 character if user enter 9 or than 9 in that case system get cresh.

(4)High priority & low severty :Suppose logo of any brand company is not proper in their product.so it affect their business.

68.what will be the Test case for ATM Machine & Coffe Machine?

test cases for ATM Machine

1.successful insection of ATM card

2.un successful operation due to insert card in wrong angle

3.un successful operation due to invalid account Ex:other bank card or time expired card

4.successful entry of PIN number

5.un successful operation due to enter wronr PIN number 3times

6.successful selection of language

7.successful selection of account type

8.un successful operation due to invalid account type

10.successful selection of withdral operation

11.successful selection of amount to be withdral

12.successful withdral operation

13.unsuccessful withdral operation due to wrong denominations

14. unsuccessful withdral operation due to amount is greaterthan day limit

15.unsuccessful withdral operation due to lack of money in ATM

16. unsuccessful withdral operation due to amount is greaterthan possible balance

17.unsuccessful withdral operation due to transactions is greaterthan day limit

18. unsuccessful withdral operation due to click cancel after insert card

19.unsuccessful withdral operation due to click cancel after insert card & pin number

20.unsuccessful withdral operation due to click cancel after insert card , pin number & language

21.unsuccessful withdral operation due to click cancel after insert card , pin number , language &account type

22.unsuccessful withdral operation due to click cancel after insert card , pin number , language ,account type & withdral operation

23.unsuccessful withdral operation due to click cancel after insert card , pin number , language ,account type ,withdral operation &amount to be withdral

69.Tell me abuot your daily activities as a test engineer.

Role:

1.Understanding the BRS and Usecases Document

2.Giving system demo to PM, System analyst, designer, Dev lead.

3.Preparing the Test Actions in xls sheet.

4.Updating the Test Actions based on review commnets by System analyst/Business Analyst.

5.Preparing the Testcases and Datasets(System level and global level datasets) in word document

6.updating the Test Cases based on review comments by System analyst.

7.Installing the application-Testing environment set up.

8.Performing Functional,GUI,System,Compatibility testing(If necessary), Regression testing based on Test cases

9.Preparing the defect report, Bug tracking list and sending daily status report to PM, leads.

70.in sdlc process what is the rool of PM,TL,DEVELOPER,tester in each and every phase? pelese explain me in detail?

in the sdlc we have these phases

1. initial phase

2.analysis phase

3.designing phase

4.coding phase

5.testing

6.delivery and maintainance

In the initial phase project manager can prepare a document for the requirements, team leader will prepare a team which is having test engineers, developer will provided by the project manager, testee will prepare test cases for that particular project

Analysis phase all the members have a meeting to finalise the technology to develop that project, the employee, time ,…

Designing phase the project manager like senior level management will give the directions and source code to the team members to develop the actual code, that is guidelines will be given in this phase

Coding phase developer will develop the actual code using the source code and they release the application to the testee

Testing phase they deploy their test cases to that application and prepare a bug profile document if there is any defect/bug in that application and send it back to developer, developer may rectify and releases tha application as nezt build and if the bug not undestand it will send to the prject lead in the delivery phase the sr test eng can deploy the application in the client environment

Maintainance phase if the client get any prblem with the application it may solved by the prject lead withe help of testers and developers

71.How do You Test Application with having any requirement and Document?

If it is an existing system or if a build is available thenwe explore the system while testing. This helps knowing thefunctional use of the system, and its usability.

By asking questions to end users and how they use it will bemore beneficial. Also, you may work with BA to know moreabout the system.

Black box test is nothing but the same where you explore the system without having any prior knowledge to the system.

72.what is backend testing using SQL?

Executing SQL statements to check if the data submitted by aGUI program is updated in the database or not?Eecuting the statement the data base is connecting to that particular changes , updations or not it will test.Backend testing is the testing the integration between the applicationa and the database. It is checking the changes made in the database is getting reflected in the application.

Example: A new column is added in the table. Here we test by giving values in the application and value has to be stored in the table.

73.What are the reasons why parameterization is necessary whenload testing the Web server and the database server?

When you test your applications, you may want to check how the application performs the same operations with multiple sets of data. For example, suppose you want to check how

your Web site responds to ten separate sets of data. You could record ten separate tests, each with its own set of data. Alternatively, you can create Data Table parameters so that your test runs ten times, each time using a different set of data.

74.difference between sretagic test plan & test plan?

srategic test is a organisational level term which is applied for all the projects in the organisation with small customisations

test plan is project level term and which can be applied for that specific project only.

test plan is a srategic document which describes how to perfoem testing in an efficient effective and optimsed way.Quality lead test lead can prepare this test plan

strategic test plan is a already or new test plan which can bw used in the future for another project also with some changes in the same organisation.

75.Draw Backs of automated testing?

DRAW BACKS OF AUTMATION

Epensive,lack of epertisation,all the areas we can not automate

76.when will u make update and modify the test object properties in the repository?

when ever the developer may change any one of the object properties definitely we have to change the same in the OR object repository. if new version net build released from the devlopment department wwe the test engs must to modify or update the same is compulsary, other wise tha test will show the bug

77.what are the document needed to create a test case?How u tell it is test case?

System requirements specification, Use case document, Test Plan

78.in customer details form having fields like customer name,customer address. after completion of this module, client raise the change as insert the two radio buttons after customer address. how you can check as a tester.

1.First we need to verify wheater the radio button are there are not?

2.Conform the radio buttons are present after the customer address or not.

3.verify the no of radio button.

4. verify only one radio button should be checked intially when we open the Customer details form(if it is mentioned in FS )

5. verify the functionality of the radio buttons i.e if we check one ratio button ,second radio button should be unchecked.

6. verify the spell check of radio button lable name.

7. verify the allignment of radio buttons in the form.

79.at the time of testing web based applications and client server apllications, what you absorved as a tester?

We generally check for the links,data retrieving and posting.

We perform load and stress testing especially for Web based and Client-Server applications.

80.What are the documents required to prepare test plan?

Introduction,scope,test team and their responsibilities,test environment,S/W&H/W reqiurements,test data preparation,levels of testing,seviroty&priority,shedule,risk,automation

plan,features to test,bug life cycle all these are documents of test plan.

81.what is testing policy and testing methodology? and what is the difference?

Testing policy means all types of testing or testing techniques(i.e.functional testing,sanity testing etc).Testing methodology means white box and black box testing.

82.What is comparison testing?

Comparison Testing means comparing your software with the beter one or your Competitor.

While comparisan Testing we basically compare the Performance of the software.For ex If you have to do Comparison Testing of PDF converter(Desktop Based Application) then you will compare your software with your Competitor on the basis of:-

1.Speed of Conversion PDF file into Word.

2.Quality of converted file.

83.What is the general testing process?

Testing Process:

1. Tesdt requirements analysis

2. Creation of Test Strategy (Which includes creation of Test Cases)

3. Creation of Test Plans (Which includes Test Cases andTest Procedures)

4. Execution of test cases

5. Anlyze the test results

6. Report the defects if any

84.What particiption a manual tester can do in documentation?Are there any tools available for only documentation?

yes, Manual tester will do Sub Test plan documents, as of my knowledge no tool is used to prepare documentation

85.What is the difference between low and high level test cases? examples please..

High level Test cases are those which covers major functionality in the application (i.e retrive, update display ,cancel (functionality related testcases) ,database testcases ).

Low level test cases are those which are related to UI related testcases.

86.Is it mandatory to use USECASES or directly one can write test casesfrom requirments?

Its not mandatory to write Use Cases, If the requirements are clear you can go ahead with Test Cases. Use Cases are written to know the business flow of the module/application.

Test Environment+Test Bed

Test Environment:S/w and H/w

Test Bed:Test Documents like TestPlan Document ,Test Case Document.

Test Environment means

• Test Bed installation and configuration

• Network connectivity’s

• All the Software/ tools Installation and configuration

• Coordination with Vendors and others

88.given nrequirement collection doc,tester can prepare which test plan?

test lead can prepare a test plan which performs testing on an aplication in an efficient effective and in an optimised way.test development will done by the testers using the test

plan in the test plan they prepare the test strategy

89.tester with develop ment knowledge will be more effective .justify?

If tester has experience in Development, it will be useful when testing for logical thinking where the error occurs, what is the cause? He can guess the functionality of component? he can easily understand the application environment? those are plus points which people have

development experience.

Precisely he can justify that either functionality is wrong or right and can analyze the defects

90.last testcase for project will be written in which phase?

As far as the SDLC is conerned last test case Will be written for “Maintenance Phase”

As far as the STLC is conerned last test case Will be written for “Acceptance Testing”

91.what is test scenario and test case ?please explain detail

Test Scenario:

Test scenario is like laying out plans for testing the product, environmental condition, number of team members required, making test plans, making test cases and what all features are to be tested for the product. Test scenario is very much dependent on the product to be tested.

Test scenario is made before the actual testing starts.

Test Case:

Test case is a document which provides the steps to be executed which has been planned earlier. It also depends on the type of product to be tested. Number of test cases is

not fixed for any product.

92.What is the difference between Project Based Testing and Product Based Testing?

Project based is nothing but client requirements. product based is nothing but market requirements. Ex.striching shirt is a project based and ready made shirt is product based

93.what is testing process in related to Application testing Testing process is the one which tells you how the application should be tested in order to minimize the bugs in the application.

One main thing no application can be released as bug free application which impossible.

94.What is the difference b/n Testing Methodology and Testing methods?

Testing Methodology define process, set of rules and principle which are follow by group concerned with Testing the application. Here i explain 7 step testing methodology:

1.Test Requirement Analysis

2.Test Plan

3.Test Design

4.Test execute

5. defect track

6. Test Automation

7. Test Maintain

Testing methods or we can say that Testing Techniques:

White Box Testing (Unit Testing, Integration Testing)

Black Box Testing (System Testing, Functional Testing, Performance Testing>Load testing>stress testing>volume testing & Security Testing)UAT (done by user/client with actual/live data)

95.What are starting link to test while website testing?

Web based systems are those using the internet,intranet and extranets Web based testing only needs be done once for any applications using the web.Web based testing are as follows:

1.Functional correctness

2.Integration

3.Usability

4.Security

5.Performance

6.Verification of code

96.How GUI testing will be done in manual testing for a website?

For any testing there should be some set of standards to be followed.Particularly in GUI testing,look and feel should be good. We should follow the requirements specification documents for GUI testing.

There should be some screen shots (given by client) which we should follow as it is.

And for button sizes, font,font size ,colours used,placing of links,objects and the placing of the objects in the page should be followed some standards.If we take a button in the page that should be some standard size. if the size of that button is more or less the client feel bad about that.So we should have miimum common sence while tesing GUI testing. some time there may be some mistakes in the screen shots provided by the client also,but that is our responsibility to raise those issues.

97.What thing should be tested in regresson testing?

While doing Regression Testing a tester must check that any New updation or Modification or Change in Functionality of a Particular Component or Module does not create any disorder and any negative affects on the functionality of the Application

98.What are the document required to prepare during testing?

Normally Test engineers are responsible for any release of a project.Even the release is for staging environment or change request release or production release

The minimum documents are

1.Test Plan

2.Test Cases

3.Test Case Report

4.Bug report.

5.Release notes(which contains known issues).

6.installation document.

99.What is Test data ?Whrere we are using this in testing process?

what are the importance of this data?

to execute test cases we shold have test data.this test data should be for positive and negative testings.for winrunner we can get this test data from keyboard,excel sheets or from data base

100.what is the difference between test case and test script?

Test case is a descrption what data to be tested and what data to be inserted what are the actions to be done to check actual result against expected resultWhat are the actual inputs we will use? What are the expected results? is called test script

Test Script: Is a short program written in a programming language used to test part of the functionality of the software system. a written set of steps that should be performed manually

can also be called a test script,however this is more correctly called a test case.

101.What is the difference between bug,error,defect.

At the time of coding mistake error,when the mistake noticed by the tester defect,tester sends this defect to development team if the developeragrees then it is bug

102.what is the diffrence between qualityassurance and systemtesting explain in detail with an example?

Quality Assurance: It is nothing but building an adequate confidence in the customer that the developed software is accoding to requirements.Entire SDLC comes under QA. It is process oriented.

System Testing: It is the process of executing entire system ie checking the s/w as well as parts of system.

103.How do you decide when you have ‘tested enough?’

When the 90% of requirements are covered , Maximum defects are rectified except (some)low level defects are not covered , customer satisfy that project and time is less, then we are closing the testing.

104. What is the difference between Build Management and Release Management ?

When will conduct build verification and end to end testing?

Build Management is managing the issue fixture tasks in the bulds whereas Release anagment is managing the functionality to be incorporated in the Release.

Build Verification Test(BVT)is done when the build is first received by the testers. The basic functionality is checked with valid data. This is done to check whether the build is testable or not. This is done by testers.

End to End testing is also called system testing. Done by Senior test engineers or Test lead.

105.what is boudarary value analysis? what is the use of it?

boundry value analusis is a technique for test data selection.Test engineer chooses the values that lie along the data extreems.It includes max,mim,justinside,justout side,typicalvalues and errorvalues.

Boundary Value Analysis is a technique used for writing the test cases..for example:If a particular field accepts the

values from 1 to 1000, then we test that field by entering only 1, 1000, 0, 1001, 999,2.

i.e we check on the boundaries and then

minimum-1 , minimum +1 and maximum+1, maximum-1.

106.what is equivalence partition? what is the use of it?

Equalance nothing but select the valid and valid clases example as per client requirement the edit box access onaly

3-5 capital alphabets then we divided in ecp like vaid values only A-Z invalid values are a-z and special characters like ^,8<%

107.If there is no sufficent time for testing & u have to complete the testing then what will u do?

When I have less time to test the Product then I will take these following steps—

1) Sanity or smoke testing

2) Usabilty Testing

3) Formal Functionaltyand GUI Testing

4) Walkthrough with the Prduct

108.What is meaning by protype in SDLC ?

This is a cyclic version of the linear model. In this model, once the requirement analysis is done and the design for a prototype is made, the development process gets started.Once the prototype is created, it is given to the customer for evaluation. The customer tests the package and gives his/her feed back to the developer who refines the product according to the customer’s exact expectation. After a finite number of iterations, the final software package is

given to the customer. In this methodology, the software is devolved as a result of periodic shuttling of information between the customer and developer. This is the most popular development model in the contemporary IT industry. Most of the successful software products have been developed using this model – as it is very difficult (even for a whiz kid!)

to comprehend all the requirements of a customer in one shot. There are many variations of this model skewed with respect to the project management styles of the companies.

New versions of a software product evolve as a result of prototyping.

109.what is difference between desktop and web application?

The biggest d/f b/w Desktop and web application is- Desktop App (DA) is the machine independent, hence evry change has only reflects at the machine level. Where as Web App (WA) is the Internet dependent program, hence any change in the program reflects at every where, where it becomes use. EX……

Suppose there are 5 machines in DA, 5 time installedindividually at every machine and if there is any change made in DA then at every machine change has to be made. In WA where the program or Application at the Server or at the one common machine, then if changes made at only central or server or common machine all the changes get reflected at

every client machine.

110.diffrence between application testing and product testing?

Product testing means when any company does testing for their own (company’s) product ex… Nortan AntVirus is the Symantec’s product; if Symantec test the Nortan ie. called

as the Product testing. Where as if any company take some projects from some other

companies like ABC company takes projects from IBM and test that project on some charges ie called as Application Testing.

111.what is a broken link in web testing and how test it.

When we clicked on Hyperlink if it opens Page can’t be displayed then that Hyperlink is called as Broken link

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